Materials List (Alloys We Use)
This selector or guide is intended to help review the needs of your particular application and determine a few material candidates that can be tested.
Aluminum Alloys
Corrosion Resistance, High Strength-to-Weight Ratio, Temperature Resistance
Grade
Tensile (psi)
-
Alloy 1100
-
Alloy 2011
-
Alloy 2014
-
Alloy 2024
-
Alloy 3003
-
Alloy 5052
-
Alloy 6061
-
Alloy 6063
-
Alloy 7075
-
18,000
-
55,000
-
63,000
-
68,000
-
22,000
-
33,000
-
45,000
-
27,000
-
83,000
Yield (psi)
-
17,000
-
43,000
-
40,000
-
47,000
-
21,000
-
28,000
-
40,000
-
21,000
-
73,000
Available In
-
Flt,Rd, Bar, Tube
-
Round, Hexagon Bar
-
Rod, Bar, Tube, Plate, Pipe
-
Rd,Sq,Rec,Hex,Sq.Tb,Flt,Plt
-
Flt, Mesh_Sh, Perf._Sh, Plt
-
Flat Sheet and Plate
-
***Most Shapes***
-
***Most Shapes***
-
Rd, Rec, Sq, Hex, Flt, Plate
Applications
-
Kitchenware, Intricate Formed Parts
-
High speed Screw Machine Parts
-
Aerospace Structural Applications
-
Parts for Transportation, Aircraft
-
Cooking Utensils, Storage Tanks
-
Home Appliances, Marine, Aircraft
-
Machine Parts, Structural, Floors
-
Moldings,Lawn Furniture, Cylinders
-
Aircraft, Moldbase, Transportation
Basics of Plastic Selection for Machining
Although the information and statements herein are believed to be accurate, no guarantee of their accuracy is made. The statements and information are included for reference purposes only and are not intended and should not be construed as either a warranty of any type or representations applicable to the particular application, use or design of the buyer or user goods. In every case, we recommend that the purchaser or user before using or buying any product perform their own tests and make their own decision to determine to their own satisfaction whether the product is acceptable quality, type and design and is suitable for the particular purpose under their own operating conditions.
Machining of plastics can be advantageous for applications requiring low volume production, close tolerance dimensions and difficult to mold configurations. There is a large selection of type and grades of plastics to choose from. Plastics range from Highly Engineered, High Performance products to low cost, low Performing plastics. Determining which material and grade would be approppriate for a particular application can be challenging.
​
Engineers typically will require 3 or less material characteristics that are critical to the functionality of the component. A basic search will prioritize and look for a material that can fulfill all 3 criteria. The below lists presents only the most common machined plastics that we have used. Many plastics are available with fillers to enhance particular characteristics, for example a glass fill improves tensile strength while reducing machinability and Molybdenum disulphide improves wear while reducing dimensional stability.
Clear Plastics
-
Good Choices: Clear PVC, NAS, PET, PETG
-
Other: ABS, COP, PLA, SAN, Ultem, Zeonex
-
Poor Choices: HDPE, Polypropylene
Grade
-
Acrylic
-
TPX
-
Nylon
-
Polycarbonate
-
Polysulfone
Acronyms
-
PMMA
-
PMP
-
PA
-
PC
-
PSU
Tensile (psi)
Available In
Applications
Optical (%)
-
10,000
-
10,200
-
12,400
-
9,500
-
10,200
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Lenses, Lighting, Windows, Signs
-
Medical Covers, Electrical Parts
-
Automotive, Machine Guards
-
LEDs, Eye Wear, Medical Devices
-
Medical, Food/Beverage Contact
____________92
__________90
________88
___________91
_____85
-
NOTE: Stock shapes are typically clear however once machined stock becomes translucent to opaque. Polishing is required to return component to a clear state. Polishing methods are direct machine polish, vapor polish, flame polish, and buffing.
-
Light Transmission (Optical %)
Loading Strength (psi)
-
Good Choices: Acetal, Nylon, Polysulfone
-
Other: Delrin, Noryl
-
Poor Choices: ABS, HDPE, LDPE, Polypropylene, Polystyrene, Teflon, UHMW-PE
Grade
-
Acrylic
-
Hydlar
-
Ketron
-
PVC
-
Ultem
Acronyms
-
PMMA
-
PPS
-
PEEK
-
PVC
-
PEI
Tensile (psi)
Available In
Applications
Stiffness (psi)
-
10,000
-
12,500
-
14,000
-
7,500
-
15,200
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Shelves, Retail Fixtures, Manifolds
-
Bushings, Bearings, Rollers, Gears
-
Valve Seats, Pump Gears, Medical
-
Gears, Sprockets, Pads, Pulleys
-
Manifolds, Electrical Parts, Medical
_____480,000
_________600,000
_______590,000
_____480,000
_____480,000
-
NOTE: Flexural Modulus (Bending Stiffness)
-
Stiffness (psi) is Flexural Modulus
Temperature Resistance
-
Good Choices: PBI, PI, Rayton, Vespel
-
Other: G7 Laminate
-
Poor Choices: ABS, Acrylic, PVC, UHMW
Grade
-
Fluorsint
-
Ketron
-
Techtron
-
Torlon
-
Ultem
Acronyms
-
PTFE
-
PEEK
-
PPS
-
PAI
-
PEI
Tensile (psi)
Available In
Applications
Max.Temp (F)
-
1,500
-
14,000
-
13,500
-
15,000
-
15,200
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Seals, Manifolds, Pump Parts
-
Bushings, Bearings, Seals, Gears
-
Bushings, Bearings, Rollers, Gears
-
Bearings, Seals, Valves, Washers
-
Electrical Connectors, Manifolds
_____________500
__________480
______ 400
_____________500
_____338
-
NOTE: Long Term Operating Temperature
-
Max Operating Temp (F)
Limiting PV (Pressure/Velocity)
-
Good Choices: Ketron, Vespel
-
Other: Acetron, Meldin, Rulon
-
Poor Choices: Acrylic, Nylon, PBT, PET, UHMW
Grade
-
Delrin AF
-
HPV
-
Nylatron
-
Torlon 4301
Acronyms
-
POM
-
PEEK
-
PA
-
PAI
Tensile (psi)
Available In
Applications
Pressure/V
-
8,000
-
14,000
-
12,500
-
15,000
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Bearings, Bushings, Gears, Jigs
-
Wear Rings, Thrust Washers, Seals
-
Gears, Wheels, Rollers, Wear Pads
-
Bearings, Bushings, Bearing Cages
____8,300
_______20,000
__3,000
__________22,500
-
NOTE: Amount and velocity a material can experience before melting
-
Limiting Pressure Velocity (psi-ft/min)
Dimensional Stability
-
Good Choices: Hydex, Noryl
-
Other: Acetal, Ertalyte TX, Polycarbonate, PPSU, PSU
-
Poor Choices: HDPE, LDPE, Nylon, Polypropylene, UHMW
Grade
-
Victrex
-
Ertalyte
-
Techtron
-
Ultem
Acronyms
-
PEEK
-
PET
-
PPS
-
PEI
Absorption
Available In
Applications
Thermo Exp.
-
0.50%
-
0.20%
-
0.07%
-
0.25%
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Wear Rings, Thrust Washers, Seals
-
Valve Components, Filler Pistons
-
Electrical Components, Bearings
-
Electrical Connectors, Manifolds
_______2.6
______________3.3
___1.7
____________3.1
-
NOTE: Machined plastics do not have the structural stability of metals. This is primarily caused by their tendency to absorb water and a high coefficient of thermal expansion. Stable materials have a low water absorption with a low CTE.
-
High Coefficient of Thermo Expansion (Value x 10^5 in/in/degrees F)
Chemical Resistance
-
Good Choices: Acrylic, CTFE, Kydex, PE, PEEK, PMMA, PP, PSU
-
Other: HDPE, LDPE, Phenolic, PVC Type-1
-
Limited: ABS, HIPS, Polycarbonate
Grade
-
Acetal
-
LubX-C
-
Nylon
-
Teflon
-
Vespel
Acronyms
-
POM
-
UHMW
-
PA
-
PTFE
-
PI
Tensile (psi)
Available In
Applications
Chem. Rating
-
9,800
-
3,100
-
10,000
-
1,500
-
12,500
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Bearings, Pump and Valve Parts
-
Rollers, Pile Guards, Star Wheels
-
Gears, Wheels, Rollers, Wear Pads
-
Gaskets, Valves, Pumps, Manifolds
-
Clamp Rings, Valve Seats, Seals
________Excellent
________Excellent
__Acceptable
________Excellent
________Excellent
-
NOTE: Plastics are not as chemically resistant as metals. Though some seem almost universally resistant, others are highly sensitive and crack when exposed to almost any chemical.
-
Rating(A=Acceptable,E=Excellent, L=Limited) Acids, Alkalies, Organic Solvents
Toughness/Impact Resistance
-
Good Choices: Hydex 301, Kydex, Radel-R
-
Other: ABS, HDPE, Phenolic
-
Poor Choices: Acetal, Acrylic, Delrin, Noryl, PEEK, PET, Polypropylene, Polysulfone
Grade
-
C-TEK
-
Hydex 202
-
Nylon ST801
-
Polycarbonate
-
UHMW-PE
Acronyms
-
LDPE
-
PU
-
PA
-
PC
-
UHMW
Tensile (psi)
Available In
Applications
1lb, 1ft Drop
-
1,400
-
9,800
-
12,400
-
9,500
-
5,800
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Orthotic/Prosthetic Devices, Pads
-
Gears, Oil/Gas Field Equipment
-
Pulleys, Gears, Bushings, Sprockets
-
Site Glass, Impact Sheild, Manifold
-
Guides, Bushings, Rollers, Augers
________No Break
__10.0
__________17.0
______14.0
________No Break
-
NOTE: Impact is the amount of force needed to break a material
-
Notched Izod Test (1lb weight, 1 ft Height Drop Test)
Cost
-
Inexpensive Choices: ABS, LDPE, PA 6/6, POM-C, VHME
-
Other: Acrylic, Acetal, PC, Phenolic CE, POM-H
-
Expensive Choices: Delrin AF, Hydlar Z, PAI, PEEK, PPS, Radel, Vespel, Ultem
Grade
-
Sanatec
-
ProComp
-
PVC Type1
-
Nylon 6
-
UHMW-PE
Acronyms
-
HDPE
-
PP
-
PVC
-
PA
-
UHMW
Tensile (psi)
Available In
Applications
Cost Factor
-
4,600
-
3,400
-
8,350
-
12,000
-
5,800
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Support Blocks, Housing Covers
-
Bearings, Bushings, Gears, Rollers
-
Pulleys, Gears, Bushings, Pads
-
Wear Pads, Rails, Feed Screws
-
Guides, Bushings, Rollers, Augers
___0.28
__0.27
______0.43
_____________1.43
_________0.47
-
NOTE: Comparative pricing based on price per sqaure foot for 1-inch-thick sheet (Market Dependent, subject to change)
-
Cost Comparison Between the Materials (USD)
Biocompatible
-
Good Choices: Kydex, PU, PET
-
Other: Acetal, Noryl, Polysulfone, Rulon 641, Ultem
Grade
-
SustaPeek MG
-
SustaNat PC MG
-
Radel R
-
Polystone P MG
-
Celcon
Acronyms
-
PEEK
-
PC
-
PPSU
-
PP
-
POM-C
Tensile (psi)
Available In
Applications
Compatible
-
16,000
-
10,000
-
11,000
-
4,700
-
9,500
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Implants, Orthopedic, Dental
-
Medical/Surgical Devices
-
Trays, Medical/Dental Devices
-
Surgical Trays, Caddy Applications
-
Medical, Valve Housings, Manifolds
_Medical Grade
_______Prolonged
_Medical Grade
_Medical Grade
___Limited
​
-
NOTE: There are three (3) exposure scales for biocompatible devices and three (3) Usage Categories
-
Exposure: Limited (Less than 24 Hrs), Prolonged (24 Hrs - 30 Days), Permanent (30 Days and Longer)
-
Usage Categories: Surface Devices, Externally Communication Devices, Implant Devices
FDA
-
Good Choices: ABS, Acrylic, LDPE, HDPE, PP, Polystone 7000
-
Other: Nylatron FG, PETG, Tetco V, Torlon LG
Grade
-
Delrin
-
Ertalyte TX
-
Ketron 1000
-
Tivar 1000
-
TUFFAK FD
Acronyms
-
POM
-
PET
-
PEEK
-
UHMW
-
PC
Tensile (psi)
Available In
Applications
Approvals
-
10,000
-
10,500
-
16,000
-
5,800
-
9,500
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Gears, Conveyer, Medical Delivery
-
Food Processing Components
-
Bushings, Bearings, Seals, Valves
-
Liners, Scrapers, Rollers, Guides
-
Candy Molds, Incubators, Bassinets
________F, N, U, 3
________F, U, 3
___F
______F, U
___F
-
NOTE: Plastics that come into contact with food, Beverages, Medicine Packaging
-
Approvals: FDA(F), NSF(N), USDA(U), 3-A Dairy(3)
Steam Sterilization
-
Good Choices: PP-H
-
Other: PA, PC, PP, PTFE
-
Poor Choices: ABS, PBT, PET, PS
Grade
-
Radel
-
SUSTAPEEK MG
-
SUSTARIN C MG
-
SUSTASON MG
-
Ultem
Acronyms
-
PPSU
-
PEEK
-
POM-C
-
PSU
-
PEI
Tensile (psi)
Available In
Applications
Hot Steam (F)
-
10,000
-
16,000
-
9,500
-
10,200
-
15,200
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sterilization Trays, Food Trays
-
Medical/Surgical Devices, Pumps
-
Medical Device Components
-
Manifolds, Valves, Medical Devices
-
Reusable Medical Devices, Aircraft
_250(VG) / 273(VG)
_250(VG) / 273(VG)
_250(GR) / 273(CR)
_250(VG) / 273(GR)
_250(VG) / 273(VG)
​
-
NOTE: Sterilization Resistance with changes to the mechanical properties being taken into due account
-
Sterilization Procedure Resistance: Very Good Resistance(VG), Good Resistance(GR), Conditional Resistance(CR)
UV Resistance
-
Good Choices: PVC, Structural FRP
-
Other: PBT, PEEK, PP
-
Poor Choices: ABS, Acetal, Kydex, LDPE, Nylon, Polycarbonate (FDA)
Grade
-
Acrylic (UV)
-
GPO-3
-
Polycarbonate UV
-
Rulon
-
Ultem 1000
Acronyms
-
PMMA
-
PE
-
PC
-
PTFE
-
PEI
Tensile (psi)
Available In
Applications
Resistance
-
10,000
-
10,000
-
9,500
-
3,900
-
15,200
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Light fixtures, Reflectors, Manifolds
-
Spacers, Transformers, End Barriers
-
Helmets, Safety Windows, Syringes
-
Seats, Plugs, Valves, Impellers
-
Medical, Manifolds, Aircraft Parts
________Excellent
___Good
___Good
________Excellent
___Good
-
NOTE: UV Resistance refers to a materials ability to resist degradation from absorbing UV Radiation
-
Excellent/High Stability(E), Good/May Discolor but Retain Stability(G), Limited/Will Degrade Stability(L)
Medical Grades
-
Good Choices: PET, PMMA, PSU
-
Other: Nylon, Polyamide, Polyethylene, Polystyrene, Polyurethane, PVC
-
Poor Choices: ABS (Non-Contact)
Grade
-
Celcon
-
Polystone P MG
-
Radel R
-
SUSTANAT MG
-
SUSTAPEEK MG
Acronyms
-
POM-C
-
PP
-
PPSU
-
PC
-
PEEK
Tensile (psi)
Available In
Applications
Contact
-
9,500
-
4,700
-
11,000
-
10,000
-
16,000
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod, Tube
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Sheet, Rod
-
Medical, Valve Housings, Manifolds
-
Surgical Trays, Caddy Applications
-
Medical/Surgical Devices, Trays
-
Medical/Surgical Devices
-
Implants, Orthopedic, Dental
_Medical Grade
_______Prolonged
___Limited
_Medical Grade
_Medical Grade
-
NOTE: ALL Biocompatible and Medical Grade Plastics must be fully researched before a selection is made, this guide does not warrant the use for a product's specific use.
-
Exposure: Limited (Less 24 Hours), Prolonged (24hrs-30 Days), Permanent (30 Days and Longer)
-
Usage Categories: Surface Devices, Externally Communication Devices, Implant Devices